{"id":645,"date":"2012-02-06T15:10:10","date_gmt":"2012-02-06T07:10:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/?p=645"},"modified":"2025-10-06T11:36:47","modified_gmt":"2025-10-06T03:36:47","slug":"banks%e4%b8%bb%e5%bc%b5%e7%9a%84%e8%aa%b2%e7%a8%8b%e7%99%bc%e5%b1%95%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/archives\/645","title":{"rendered":"Banks\u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u767c\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u570b\u5404\u7e23\u5e02\u5be6\u65bd\u9109\u571f\u6559\u80b2\u6700\u5e38\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u662f\uff1f\uff08A\uff09\u8ca2\u737b\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff08B\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff08C\uff09\u8f49\u63db\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff08D\uff09\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u301096\u5357\u5340\u570b\u5c0f\u3011<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u78ba\u7b54\u6848: A
\n[ad#300*250(pic)][ad#300*250(pic)]<\/p>\n

Banks \u4e3b\u5f35\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u767c\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u7f85\u6b63\uff0c2010\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u8ad6\u8b1b\u7fa9\u7de8\u865fa2\uff0cp21\uff09
\n\u4e00\u3001\u8ca2\u737b\u6a21\u5f0f (contribution approach)\uff1a
\n1.\u5f37\u8abf\u82f1\u96c4\u3001\u7bc0\u6176\u53ca\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8981\u7d20\u4e0a\u3002
\n2.\u53c8\u7a31\u300c\u82f1\u96c4\u8207\u7bc0\u65e5\u300d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u65cf\u7fa4\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u8ca2\u737b
\n3.\u4ecd\u4ee5\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u8aa4\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3
\n4.\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7bc0\u65e5\u6216\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u5c07\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u6240\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5f31\u52e2\u65cf\u7fa4\u82f1\u96c4\u3001\u7bc0\u6176\u3001\u6587\u5316\u52a0\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u6559\u5e2b\u8b1b\u6388\u3001\u7d93\u9a57\u5b89\u6392\u6216\u5c55\u89bd\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u63a5\u89f8\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3002
\n5.\u5be6\u4f8b\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09\u5728\u5a66\u5e7c\u7bc0\u6642\uff0c\u4ecb\u7d39\u5973\u6027\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5433\u5065\u96c4\u7684\u6545\u4e8b
\n\uff082\uff09\u5728\u5967\u904b\u6642\uff0c\u4ecb\u7d39\u963f\u7f8e\u65cf\u7684\u300c\u98f2\u9152\u6b61\u6a02\u6b4c\u300d\u88ab\u9078\u70ba\u5967\u904b\u4e3b\u984c\u66f2\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f (additive approach)\uff1a
\n1.\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5c07\u6587\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4e3b\u984c\u8207\u89c0\u9ede\u52a0\u5165\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002
\n2.\u4e0d\u6539\u8b8a\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u55ae\u5143\u6216\u4e00\u9580\u8ab2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c07\u65cf\u7fa4\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u4e3b\u984c\u548c\u89c0\u9ede\u7d0d\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d
\n3.\u5728\u6587\u5b78\u8ab2\u52a0\u5165\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u6709\u95dc\u66f8\u7c4d\u7684\u63a2\u8a0e
\n4.\u5be6\u4f8b\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09\u6559\u5e2b\u6307\u5b9a\u5b78\u751f\u8046\u807d\u300c\u90a6\u67e5Wa Wa\u653e\u6691\u5047\u300d\u6709\u8072\u5716\u66f8\uff0c\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u9ad4\u6703\u963f\u7f8e\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316
\n\uff082\uff09\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u6821\u8209\u8fa6\u300c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u9031\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5c6c\u4e4b<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u8f49\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u8f49\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f (transformation approach)\uff1a
\n1.\u6539\u8b8a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u63a1\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f86\u770b\u6a5f\u6703\u3001\u554f\u984c\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8f03\u70ba\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002
\n2.\u5b8c\u5168\u8d85\u8d8a\u8ab2\u7a0b\u9644\u52a0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u8207\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8a2d\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u65cf\u7fa4\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u554f\u984c\u8207\u4e8b\u4ef6
\n3.\u5be6\u4f8b\uff1a
\n\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u958b\u767c\u300d\u55ae\u5143\u4fc2\u5f9e\u6f22\u65cf\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6558\u8ff0\u3002\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\u5b78\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u89c0\u9ede\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u77e5\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u548c\u89c0\u9ede<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u6a21\u5f0f (social action approach)\uff1a
\n1.\u5b78\u751f\u5c0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u505a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e26\u63a1\u53d6\u884c\u52d5\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c
\n2.\u5305\u542b\u8f49\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5b78\u751f\u5f9e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u89c0\u9ede\u63a2\u8a0e\u793e\u6703\u91cd\u8981\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\u505a\u6210\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u53cd\u7701\u6027\u7684\u884c\u52d5
\n3.\u5be6\u4f8b\uff1a
\n\uff081\uff09\u5728\u6821\u5712\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7a2e\u65cf\u504f\u898b\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u4e26\u601d\u7d22\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e4b\u9053
\n\uff082\uff09\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5831\u7d19\u4e0a\u5c0d\u65cf\u7fa4\u5831\u5c0e\u7684\u504f\u5931\uff0c\u4e26\u5beb\u4fe1\u7d66\u5831\u793e\u7de8\u8f2f\u8981\u6c42\u6539\u9032<\/p>\n

\u8a66\u984c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a
\n1.\u6797\u8001\u5e2b\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5a66\u5e7c\u7bc0\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\u8b1b\u6388\u5973\u6027\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5433\u5065\u96c4\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8acb\u554f\u9019\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u53d6\u5411\uff1f (A)\u8ca2\u737b\u53d6\u5411 (B)\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u53d6\u5411 (C)\u9644\u52a0\u53d6\u5411 (D)\u8f49\u5316\u53d6\u5411\u301095\u6559\u6aa2\u3011
\nANS\uff1a\uff08A\uff09<\/p>\n

2.\u8521\u8001\u5e2b\u6709\u9451\u65bc\u5916\u7c4d\u914d\u5076\u5b50\u5973\u65e5\u6f38\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u4e43\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u7a4d\u6975\u9080\u8acb\u5916\u7c4d\u914d\u5076\u5bb6\u9577\u5230\u6821\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u672c\u570b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u98a8\u571f\u6c11\u60c5\u5206\u4eab\u7d66\u540c\u5b78\uff0c\u6216\u8acb\u5bb6\u9577\u6e96\u5099\u7570\u570b\u98a8\u60c5\u98df\u7269\u8acb\u540c\u5b78\u54c1\u5617\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u540c\u5b78\u5c0d\u7570\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u8207\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u8acb\u554f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ab2\u7a0b\u767c\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0b\u5217\u54ea\u7a2e\u53d6\u5411? (A)\u884c\u52d5\u53d6\u5411 (B)\u8ca2\u737b\u53d6\u5411 (C)\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d6\u5411 (D)\u8f49\u5316\u53d6\u5411 \u301096\u6559\u6aa2\u3011
\nANS\uff1a\uff08C\uff09<\/p>\n

3.\u6f8e\u6e56\u7e23\u5916\u7c4d\u914d\u5076\u5bb6\u5ead\u5b50\u5973\u6709\u589e\u591a\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u738b\u8001\u5e2b\u65bc\u662f\u9080\u8acb\u5916\u7c4d\u914d\u5076\u5bb6\u5ead\u5bb6\u9577\u53c3\u52a0\u5b78\u6821\u89aa\u5e2b\u751f\u5404\u9805\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u7570\u570b\u6587\u5316\u3001\u7f8e\u98df\u3001\u98a8\u571f\u6c11\u60c5\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u9032\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u5c0d\u7570\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u8acb\u554f\u9019\u7a2e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u767c\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u54ea\u7a2e\u53d6\u5411\uff1f (A)\u8f49\u5316\u53d6\u5411\uff08transformation approach\uff09 (B)\u8ca2\u737b\u53d6\u5411\uff08contribution approach\uff09 (C)\u884c\u52d5\u53d6\u5411\uff08action approach\uff09 (D)\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d6\u5411\uff08additive approach\uff09\u301095\u6f8e\u6e56\u570b\u5c0f\u3011
\nANS\uff1a\uff08D\uff09<\/p>\n

4.\u9ad8\u8001\u5e2b\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u5e38\u70ba\u7537\u6027\u5049\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u8def\u300d\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u8acb\u5b78\u751f\u5206\u7d44\u8490\u96c6\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u9078\u51fa\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u5411\u76f8\u95dc\u55ae\u4f4d\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u5c07\u300c\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u8def\u300d\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u6d77\u502b\u51f1\u52d2\u8def\u300d\u3002\u9019\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u53d6\u5411\uff1f (A)\u8ca2\u737b\u53d6\u5411 (B)\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d6\u5411 (C)\u8f49\u5316\u53d6\u5411 (D)\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u53d6\u5411 \u301098\u6559\u6aa2\u3011
\nANS\uff1a\uff08D\uff09<\/p>\n

5.\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5b78\u8005J. Banks\u66fe\u5c07\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ab2\u7a0b\u5206\u70ba\u56db\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u5f35\u6539\u8b8a\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u5b78\u6821\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7fa4\u9ad4\u80fd\u81ea\u884c\u5efa\u69cb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u80fd\u63a1\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u4f86\u601d\u7d22\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6b64\u70ba\u54ea\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1f (A)\u793e\u6703\u884c\u52d5\u6a21\u5f0f(social action model) (B)\u8f49\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f(transformative model) (C)\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f(additive model) (D)\u8ca2\u737b\u6a21\u5f0f(contribution model) \u301098\u5317\u7e23\u9ad8\u4e2d\u8077\u3011
\nANS\uff1a\uff08B\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u570b\u5404\u7e23\u5e02\u5be6\u65bd\u9109\u571f\u6559\u80b2\u6700\u5e38\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u662f\uff1f\uff08A\uff09\u8ca2\u737b\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff08B\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff08 … \u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587 →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teacher_exam_notebook"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/645\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myclass-lin.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}